What is Rotary, by
Jack M. B. Selway
"Paul Harris, The Man in the Medallion"
A speech on Rotary's growth presented in Salt Lake City
August of 2002
How many of us are Rotarians?
I hope that,
in reading this, you might gain some insight into Paul Harris, whose face is
so familiar to all of Rotary, mostly in the medallion and pins those of us
wear when we contribute $1,000.00 or more to The Rotary Foundation of Rotary International.
This is the first in what, hopefully, will be a series on this man, locked
for time in a pin. There's one bit of
folklore from an old Rotarian who learned it from another old Rotarian.
It was Paul Harris speaking to a large gathering. Paul Harris looks out this
sea of men with pins and says, "Imagine what we could do if even half of you
were Rotarians."
For all his remarkable tolerance and love of man, I'm
discovering that Paul Harris had a capacity to push the envelope and
frustrate even those he sought to inspire. According to RC of
Chicago's "The Golden Strand,"
Harris was not the unanimous choice to head the first national organization.
Some felt him too autocratic. However he did lead Rotary for its first two
years, and then suffered a
near fatal heart
attack.
Then followed a year of recover, then years of daily attention to Rotary,
but few appearances at conventions, save a big surprise as RI President
Eugene Newsome was about to announce, with regret that the founder would not
be present and that the secretary would, as was customary, read his
statement. Paul Harris, then suddenly appeared on the floor of the
25th anniversary convention of Rotary, in Chicago, and spoke a few
words.
This
was amazing as just two years earlier he had again nearly died from another
serious heart attack. As noted in James Walsh's biography "The
First Rotarian," it took two years to recover this time. At this
point Harris was also unable to carry on with his law practice. Yet,
he and jean had 17 years remaining, and an entire world that they would
visit. The bravery and strength of this man is amazing. The volumes of
invaluable writing left behind is a treasure of these trips.
Suddenly, I'm reminded of the voice of Paul Harris, which you can hear at
rotaryfirst100.org. He is introduced, on radio, from the
1933 Boston Convention. "Friends of the air." he says. He is
speaking to non-Rotarians and he gives his definition of a "Rotarian."
Do we live up to
Paul Harris' definition? He was the messenger of his own dream.
And
that brings me to my story: "The Spanish American War and
How Rotary Came to Salt Lake City and on to my Home of
Pueblo, Colorado."
From
the Spanish American War many will remember future US president Teddy
Roosevelt and the Rough Riders. But who remembers that President Roosevelt
later said, "In order to prepare for our future we must learn from our
past?"
Some may remember a small pamphlet call "The
message to Garcia" that also came from that same war.
Rotary's Global History
Fellowship has also a message to deliver from men long gone, important for
all of us (and hopefully nobody has to cross a jungle for that purpose.)
By some coincidence, two
of the men who played such an important role in Rotary's future, were two
fighting buddies from Cuba.
When these two
close friends had finished their service to country, they returned home.
One, a decorated soldier went to Chicago not be heard from again for about
ten years. The other came here, to Salt Lake City and became successful in
banking.
Who is Howard
Harris?
They
are going to be very important to us, but let's leave them and return to the
end of Andrew Johnson's unremarkable term as president of the United States.
Because none of this would be important were it not that two months after
the impeachment of the president, on April 19, 1868,
a child was born to the
Harris family
of Racine, Wisconsin. George was not much of a
father. But, in his defense neither was his father. Howard's fathering of
George was to buy the young man a drugstore in Racine. A situation that
caused him to feel no particular responsibility toward this enterprise. So,
in 1871 taking two of the children to live with his father might not have
been any more shameful than squandering his father's money. This he would do
again.
But, where the elder Howard Harris might have failed his son, we owe Paul
Harris' grandfather and grandmother everything we today enjoy in Rotary. "I
think I inherited something of grandfather's broad spirit of tolerance.
Grandfather was an ambassador of good-will in the eyes of the youngster who
sat at his table during his impressionable years; he never spoke evil of any
man nor of any man's religion or politics."
My Road To Rotary
page 208.
Howard
and Pamela Harris allowed Paul the life of a child, boy, young man and young
adult that his father George Harris and spendthrift mother Cornelia Bryan
Harris could never have offered. It was Howard Harris' "love of man" that
most impressed young Paul and shaped his life. Paul's definition of a
Rotarian, "One who has 'love of man' in his heart." Now we know!
Harris was gifted, a genius who created one of the world's most powerful
forces and he was well prepared for it. However, he knew that he had the
father in him and so before practicing law in Chicago he became a wanderer
of the world for five years. From his graduation from law school until he
arrived in Chicago in
1896 he slept in fields, picked crops, herded cattle, and
wrote for newspapers in San Francisco, Denver and DC. He shipped out as a
cattleman for the British Isles and describes living in conditions of
sub-human squallier. He learned of suffering and of wealth. He also sold
marble, was a hotel clerk, actor, business teach, but hungry lonely or happy
he proved he was his own man.
His travels were gave him valuable experience, tested him and proved his
determination. Paul Harris, we might say he was the "right man at the
right time," a man with an incredible determination to reach a predefined
goal. In this first autobiography, just after his second major illness,
�The Founder
of Rotary� page 58 �Secret of Success� he writes "People have
frequently expressed wonder at his ability to land almost immediately on his
feet after arrival in a strange city; even men of considerable experience
such as roving newspaper men have expressed amazement. Harry Pulliam, for
instance, used to call Paul the �wonder man�. To those who have sometimes
been out of jobs for months at a time in their home cities, Paul�s
experiences would probably seem miraculous. The fact that he could do what
he did was as much a tribute to the astonishing resources of the country in
which he lived as to Paul personally. �"
Pulliam was one of
many friends he met on his five year journey, a reporter for the San
Francisco Chronicle, who became the president of the National Baseball
League. We know him as the father of Rotary.
He was highly decorated
and celebrated in other fields and in law.
He became one of Chicago's prominent attorneys. One evening, around the turn
of the century, he took dinner with a fellow attorney. (And, by the
way, even his obituary, in the
Chicago Tribune, says that Rotary was born out of loneliness. Don't
believe it. He may have been lonely when he arrived in Chicago, but he made
friends wherever he went. However, it is true that he and some of his
friends did miss the society of the small towns from which they had come.)
As
he and his friend were walking after dinner, the fellow attorney was being
greeted by merchants and friends. It was then that Paul got his inspiration
for an organization such as we have today. "The thought came to me why not
in big Chicago have a fellowship composed of just one man from each of many
different occupations, with no restrictions as to their politics or
religion, with broad tolerance of each other's opinions? In such a
fellowship could there not be mutual helpfulness?" Paul Harris, Page 230 My
Road to Rotary.
He thought about this for months, years until the
winter night of
23 February 1905 when he and his best friend, Silvester Schiele,
a coal merchant, had Italian dinners at Madam Galli's famous restaurant and
then walked over the river to the Unity Building and up to room 711, the
office of mining engineer Gus Loehr. Hiram Shorey, a tailor was also there.
Paul told them of his idea which was accepted and on March 9th they met
again. Gus and Hiram were still there, but not for much longer. Paul's
friend Harry Ruggles, a printer and several others joined. Two weeks later
they met at Sylvester's coal business. And since he was the host, he became
the first president of what they decided should be called Rotary.
Harry Ruggles
then plays a significant role in the very early meetings. He is the printer
and so he creates the first "printed" wheel for Rotary. But things don't
always go smoothly, and on more than one occasion the Chicago "Boys" are
ready to quit this "fellowship" idea of Paul Harris'. There are even
indications, written well beneath the lines that Paul Harris might have been
marching to a different drummer. Anyway, we know that when it looked
like the club was going to collapse, Harry would jump up and yell, "Hell
boys, let's sing a song." Today we recognize Harry Ruggles for introducing
singing into Rotary. In fact, he saved Rotary with a song. Also, in
James Walsh's landmark 1979 book, "The First Rotarian" Ruggles known as the
"Fifth Rotarian" swore until his death that he and Paul worked on Rotary in
1904.
But,
now things come to a head. A former hotel roommate of Paul's, Manuel Munoz
happened to be traveling to San Francisco and Paul asked him to look for
opportunity. It worked. Young San Francisco Attorney
Homer Wood, with help from some friends had
SF,
Oakland,
Seattle and
LA #2-5 organized in short order.
This was not good!
In the third year Paul was president of his own Chicago club until October
when he resigned and Harry Ruggles took his place. Harry has getting
mounting pressure from other members to stop all of the wasted time at
meetings about the "extension" business and particularly Paul's "World
Around" Rotary ideas. The Chicago boys simply did not want it.
A
Spanish American War Veteran and his buddy
So,
Harry Ruggles picked a brand new Rotarian. This man, like Silvester Schiele,
had seen action in the Spanish American War, he was highly decorated and
Paul wrote that the "incoming" president hoped to "spike the guns" of the
"world widers" with this extension chairman, who was named
Chesley Perry.
Paul waited until a Sunday afternoon to call Ches to allow plenty of time to
talk to this new Rotarian. Paul got his ally and it probably saved Rotary.
Ches helped organize the National Association of Rotary Clubs, the
1910 Convention in Chicago and served as Rotary's first secretary
for 32 years.
Oh, and his buddy
from the Spanish American War? Wes King was a successful banker and as soon
as Ches learned of Rotary he contacted his service buddy to tell him to
start a Salt Lake City Club.
It
was 1910 that Wes gathered businessmen in Salt Lake City to start a similar
club. There were
16 clubs by 1910
and several nearby on the west coast which could serve as
sponsors. But San Francisco and Oakland declined to sponsor because of a
clash between the Mormon and non-Mormon prospective Rotarians. Finally, in
1911, one of the members actually locked the organizers in a room
until they came to an agreement, which they did. Here we are in the home of
Ches Perry's dear friend and Rotary 24.
Soon after, Bert
Scribner, a Pueblo, Colorado businessman happened to visit Salt Lake City
and was invited to lunch at the new club. He learned how these groups
settled their differences. In Pueblo there were several municipal
governments, two water and school districts and plenty of distrusts in a
city once separated into France and Mexico by the Arkansas River. And that's
how the Spanish American War played a role in the success of Rotary, the
host club of today's meeting and the club where my project was born, Rotary
43.
A short side story
of money and politics in Rotary, even in 1919. John Poole, the 1918 RI
president was on his way to the RI convention of 1919 in Salt Lake City with
a car load of fellow Rotarians. They planned to stay over in Denver for some
entertainment. However, a former Colorado Governor and bank president by the
name of Adams from the city of Pueblo's club #43 happened to know that RI
president Poole had some outstanding debts owed to his bank. So according to
Rotary 43's records Poole and his guests had a most enjoyable stay in Pueblo
before departing for the 1919 convention in Salt Lake City.
Well, there are
many interesting stories. History is full of them. But what do we owe these
men?
Without Howard
Harris and Ches Perry would there have been a United Nations as we know it?
Could WOODROW WILSON have proclaimed that "Rotary is the only cement which
will hold the nations of the world together in permanent peace...the cement
of friendship,". were it not for Silvester Schiele's dependable friendship?
Would Polio have been eradicated if Paul Harris had not had the
determination of a hundred men? Yes, we owe much to these early leaders.
And, there is much we still can learn from them.
This huge website
has the keys to Rotary's success, from the histories of early clubs on all
continents to the lives of men who led the movement. Paul Harris was the
visionary, but it took other spirits such as Grandfather Harris to guide
young Paul and Harry Ruggles to save an infant Rotary club and then Ches
Perry to prevent Harry from stopping Paul's forward progress. And what
about Jean Harris? What do we own the First Lady of Rotary?
Today,
Rotary clubs all over the world are joining Rotary Global History .
When Maureen Bond, president of the Rotary Club of Bulawayo in Zimbabwe
wrote asking me what we knew about
Jean Harris, we started looking. Today, her section of the
website is 8 pages with information about her all throughout the website.
Most recently, we located a photo of her last appearance in America at the
50th Anniversary of Rotary International in Chicago.
When Jim Buffington, of the
Rotary Club of Aberdeen Mississippi wrote asking for a back issue of our
popular weekly email series "What
Paul Harris Wrote," (inspired incidentally by
RI director Lynn Hammond) I wrote a special one for
Jim
and upon visiting his website, discovered Paul Harris leaning on a shovel.
As a result, today there is an extensive website of the "Friendship
Trees"
planted, in the 1930's, by Paul
and Jean, all over the world. It's a marvelous tribute to Rotary. Trees
destroyed by World Wars are shown replanted and surrounded by Rotarians of
all nations. We even have some excellent motion picture film of Paul in
Sweden planting a tree.
Paul
Harris autobiography, "My
Road to Rotary" was being discontinued as of mid May this year. The
importance of history has changed that. As messengers, we've made a
difference and the book will be republished. If the story of our history is
told by more messengers this year and next then the centennial book won't
become a coffee table book, it will be read, because we, you and I will have
created an interest in the real story. It is our recommendation that every
new district governor should have a copy of this book.
Who's
working on Rotary Global History ?
We
have a world-wide committee
from Shanghai, Canberra, Chicago, New York, London, Germany, Calcutta, South
Africa and Barcelona to Pueblo there are leading Rotarians and
recognized historians
working on this project.
No
one asked us to be their messengers. Not
Montague Bear, Frank Collins, Jim Davidson, Arch Klumph, Glenn Mead, Stuart
Morrow, Ches Perry, Harry Ruggles, Silvester Schiele, Arthur Sheldon, Herb
Taylor, Homer Wood or even Jean or Paul Harris. But, it is clear that their
message is still important and should be delivered. Paul said,
"This
is a changing world; we must be prepared to change with it. The story
of Rotary will have to be written again and again
The
sixth president of Rotary Arch Klumph placed an emphasis on District
Governors who were "gradually becoming the most important man in Rotary".
Klumph insisted that the District Governors know the International
Constitution and be acquainted with Rotary Global History. He referred them
to Ches Perry's newly drafted pamphlet that answered the basic questions of
when the organization was founded, when did it start and how did it start.
Frank
Devlyn wrote, "This
is an exciting time in the History, and as we enter the 21st Century, it is
even more important that we examine our past. Your web site is an
instrumental tool for those forward-thinking people who wish to learn from
our history, in order to guide our future." Those words, of past president
Frank Devlyn,
are part of our mission statement.
On
January 30th of 2002,
President Bhichai told the INTERNATIONAL ASSEMBLY AT ANAHEIM
"Let us remember
and honor our origins. Let us not forget the basics and the fundamental
principles and philosophy of Rotary."
Today,
our project is the official website for the
Paul Harris Room 711 Club,
located at RI Headquarters. We're an affiliate of the
Rotary Heritage and
History International Fellowship
working to acquire the Harris home,
Comely Bank
as a Rotary landmark retreat.
Our project has just been voted
"Best of the Rest"
by ROTi and ICUFR for 2002 and we had 30,960 visitors in the first 4 months
of this year at an average 29% growth each month. We estimate 116,000
monthly visitors by March of next year and an impossible number of 1,485,601
monthly visits by the official start of the centennial.
I must ask that we all be Rotarians as much as we can, that we meet Paul
Harris' definition of a Rotarian to the best of our ability and I ask that
you join with us at rotaryfirst100.org/fellowship and become messengers by
creating access to Rotary's history on your websites and making it part of
your presentations to all of your clubs.
This
is a tool. Interesting and entertaining, yes. All the better then. Quote: "I
hope that Rotary Clubs will be able to utilize this resource as a means to
make contacts with others and to share the history of our organization with
prospective members. ... I am counting on you... "
Richard D. King President, 13 July 2001
In our first fifty years, Rotary held the
world's attention in ways that the world needs us to once again.
Quote: "Thinking of Rotary, I visualize a series of concentric circles
which, starting with the smallest and going to the largest, I denominate as
the community, national and international influence. In the center, I see
Rotary
International as a generating force of incalculable value." FRANKLIN D
ROOSEVELT
"All Thinking men recognize the moral and spiritual value of Rotary."
SIR WINSTON CHURCHILL, who also said, "The farther back you can look,
the farther forward you are likely to see."
"God grant that my vision of the faults of men and of
nations be dimmed and my vision of their virtues be brightened". -Paul
P. Harris.
Page 304
- The End of My Road to Rotary.
In closing,
Rotary's Global History is not a dusty library shelf.
Reading about the early leaders of Rotary and the stories of the many early
clubs will help you lead Rotary into the future. Many of the books and
writings are out of prints. However, they can be found on the 3,000 pages of
rghf.org. If we as Rotarians learn from this brilliant writer and leader;
called the right man at the right time, we'll find ourselves more dedicated
to service with greater purpose, in part because of Paul Harris, "The Man in
The Medallion."
Regards,
Jack M. B. Selway
"The Man in
the Medallion" is copyright 2002
Jack M. B. Selway
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